Fixed bad software ingestion debug message and added filter for invalid software with missing names. (#33682)

<!-- Add the related story/sub-task/bug number, like Resolves #123, or
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**Related issue:** Resolves #33681

# Checklist for submitter
- [x] Changes file added for user-visible changes in `changes/`,
`orbit/changes/` or `ee/fleetd-chrome/changes`.
See [Changes
files](https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet/blob/main/docs/Contributing/guides/committing-changes.md#changes-files)
for more information.

## Testing

- [x] QA'd all new/changed functionality manually

changes/33681-software-ingestion-dbg-msg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fixed bad software ingestion debug message and added filter for invalid software with missing names.

server/datastore/mysql/software.go

@@ -363,6 +363,19 @@ WHERE
 	return softwares, nil
 }
 
+// filterSoftwareWithEmptyNames removes software entries with empty names in-place.
+// This is a well-known Go idiom: https://go.dev/wiki/SliceTricks#filter-in-place
+func filterSoftwareWithEmptyNames(software []fleet.Software) []fleet.Software {
+	n := 0
+	for _, sw := range software {
+		if sw.Name != "" {
+			software[n] = sw
+			n++
+		}
+	}
+	return software[:n]
+}
+
 // applyChangesForNewSoftwareDB returns the current host software and the applied mutations: what
 // was inserted and what was deleted
 func (ds *Datastore) applyChangesForNewSoftwareDB(
@@ -372,6 +385,9 @@ func (ds *Datastore) applyChangesForNewSoftwareDB(
 ) (*fleet.UpdateHostSoftwareDBResult, error) {
 	r := &fleet.UpdateHostSoftwareDBResult{}
 
+	// We want to make sure we have valid data before proceeding. We've seen Windows programs with empty names.
+	software = filterSoftwareWithEmptyNames(software)
+
 	// This code executes once an hour for each host, so we should optimize for MySQL master (writer) DB performance.
 	// We use a slave (reader) DB to avoid accessing the master. If nothing has changed, we avoid all access to the master.
 	// It is possible that the software list is out of sync between the slave and the master. This is unlikely because
@@ -710,11 +726,15 @@ func (ds *Datastore) getIncomingSoftwareChecksumsToExistingTitles(
 		existingChecksums := uniqueTitleStrToChecksums[titleStr]
 		if len(existingChecksums) > 0 {
 			// Log when multiple checksums map to the same title.
+			existingChecksumsHex := make([]string, len(existingChecksums))
+			for i, cs := range existingChecksums {
+				existingChecksumsHex[i] = fmt.Sprintf("%x", cs)
+			}
 			level.Debug(ds.logger).Log(
 				"msg", "multiple checksums mapping to same title",
 				"title_str", titleStr,
-				"new_checksum", checksum,
-				"existing_checksums", fmt.Sprintf("%v", existingChecksums),
+				"new_checksum", fmt.Sprintf("%x", checksum),
+				"existing_checksums", fmt.Sprintf("%v", existingChecksumsHex),
 				"software_name", sw.Name,
 				"software_version", sw.Version,
 			)
@@ -1162,7 +1182,7 @@ func (ds *Datastore) linkSoftwareToHost(
 			// Log missing software but continue
 			level.Warn(ds.logger).Log(
 				"msg", "software not found after pre-insertion",
-				"checksum", checksum,
+				"checksum", fmt.Sprintf("%x", checksum),
 				"name", sw.Name,
 				"version", sw.Version,
 			)